<html>
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  </head>
  <body>
    <p>There are several points and places that make it cristal clear
      that the idea of IP Leasing is not just something absurd in terms
      of IP usage but also against different rules in place. However
      some keep repeating the words are not written in the way "they"
      would like to read and ignoring all that just because that might
      go against their business.</p>
    <p>All that Noah put below makes sense even to a newbie in Internet
      Business so any company who need smaller allocations get them from
      their LIR which provides connectivity and that's the main propose
      these LIRs justified the need of these addresses when they were
      request to AfriNic. These business are developing internet in
      Africa by allocating internet resources for the purposes of
      enabling communications which is also provided by these same
      businesses. What communications are enabled by a member who has
      unused resources and is renting it to another member - or worst -
      in many cases to <b>a member of another RIR elsewhere</b> -
      therefore out of the region?<br>
    </p>
    <p>What promotion of responsible management of Internet resources is
      being done <b>throughout the African region</b> when a member
      simply rent these resources to someone out of the region ? What
      development and operation of Internet infrastructure is being done
      in Africa ?</p>
    <p>Every unused resource with hold by a member is one chunk of less
      of resources in AfriNic's pool. What is the point of exhausting
      that pool completely and force newcomers to pay a higher price for
      the same resources they could get directly from AfriNic if these
      unused resources simply used for renting would have been returned
      back to AfriNic pool ? AfriNic looses newer members and in turn
      these companies become dependent from another company whose
      business is not transporting a single bit throughout the African
      region.</p>
    <p>Isn't all that enough to stop those who blindly keep trying to
      make IP Leasing and usage out of the region something normal and
      that should be accepted by AfriNic ?</p>
    <p>Fernando<br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 07/07/2021 13:15, Noah wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAEqgTWbtpF36a9oOdNVri0uiWg=3f7vhVvE4_BA2psaYs9d=mw@mail.gmail.com">
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div dir="ltr"><br>
        </div>
        <br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">
          <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Jul 6, 2021 at 1:06
            AM Anthony Ubah <<a href="mailto:ubah.tonyiyke@gmail.com"
              moz-do-not-send="true">ubah.tonyiyke@gmail.com</a>>
            wrote:<br>
          </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">Hi Noah,<br>
              <br>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>Hi Oga Ubah,</div>
          <div> </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">What you describe sounds nice if you are one
              of the established ISPs who are running a top to bottom
              network. However you can not say the same for smaller
              enterprises, too small to be an LIR, and unable to run
              full operations profitably, giving inability to afford the
              RIR/AFRINIC fees.</div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>RIR membership fees are annual and AFRINIC today has
            close to 200 resource members across the region both large
            and small.</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>I know a good number of small enterprises across the
            eastern coast of Africa that get sub-allocations of /29,
            /28, /26 to /24 from ISP (LIR's) providing them with
            connectivity or hosting services. This practise is common
            and it enables such small enterprises who don't need to
            become AFRINIC resource members to enjoy internet related
            services through ISP or hosting providers infrastructure on
            the continent.</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>I similarly know of hyperscalers who provide compute and
            storage services across their infrastructure to a wide range
            of customers and each service comes with some assignment of
            an integer which is fundamental to provision of the IP
            related services of (compute, storage, applications) enabled
            by integer wrapped in the service to enable IP
            communication. Customers are not paying hyperscalers or
            hosting providers for an integer but a service.</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue"">AFRINIC Bylaws Section 3.4) Sections i. and
              iii. Below talk about <b>enabling communication to assist
                in the development of the Internet in Africa and promote
                responsible management of number resources</b> and not
              leasing/brokering.</p>
            <p class="gmail-p2"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";min-height:15px"><br>
            </p>
            <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue""><i>i. to provide the service of <b>allocating
                  and registering Internet resources for the purposes of
                  enabling communications </b>via open system network
                protocols and to assist in the development and growth of
                the Internet in the African region;</i></p>
            <p class="gmail-p2"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";min-height:15px"><i><br>
              </i></p>
            <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue""><i>iii. to promote <b>responsible management
                  of Internet resources</b> throughout the <b>African
                  region</b>, as well as the <b>responsible development
                  and operation of Internet infrastructures; </b></i><span
                class="gmail-Apple-converted-space"><b><i>  </i>   </b></span></p>
          </div>
          <div> </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr"> I feel total reliance on network
              providers/carriers also limits flexibility</div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>As far as I am concerned, we have had multiple customers
            who wanted their own managed INR beyond what we as an LIR
            can sub-allocate as part of the connectivity services they
            enjoy from us and we encouraged and guided them to seek
            small blocks from AFRINIC. This turned out to be a much
            cheaper alternative than going to brokers and folks who
            lease each IPv4 for 30USD without providing any Internet
            related service to the customer beyond dashing out IP's with
            LOA's. <br>
          </div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>AFRINIC FYI, does more than just allocating and managing
            INR. Read Bylaws section 3.4 in full to understand her
            complete objectives as an RIR for this region.</div>
          <div> </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div><br>
                No textbook analogy. IP leasing can allow the
                enterprise/organizations certain flexibility in
                administration. Like having a single contiguous range to
                numbers on all their interfaces and infrastructure
                either locally and across the cloud, for better
                administration and scaling of their network they need.
                This way all their IPs are unique and contiguous, and
                they can number their offices networks, servers, VPN
                etc. for easy management.</div>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div>So Yes, fully (physical)provider independent. Without
                the physical connection to provider being involved, that
                provider will still be there of course, but the end user
                is not forced to number their LAN with that provider's
                IP addresses.<br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>Ooooh well.... last I checked ... AFRINIC is provider
            Independent and has alway been.<br>
          </div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>So I encourage you to encourage those enterprises to
            reach out to AFRINIC. All they need is to become resource
            members, sign an RSA and justify their needs and they will
            be served.  AFRINIC manager INR transfers within the region
            as well. </div>
          <div> </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div><br>
                On another note, AFRINIC itself would give out such IP
                addresses as assignments with the same justifications, 
                These  provider-independent address space (PI) has some
                limitations in the current CPM. The PIs assignments are
                also called "leasing", and well.</div>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>There is no language in the CPM that indicates that PI
            assignments are also called <b>leasing</b>. Please point me
            to such a language.</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>However, Section 9.0 talks of temporary assignments of
            not more than one month in section 9.2 and this is often
            done by AFRINIC to support Internet related events and
            capacity building and education activities through various
            Af* initiatives (AIS, NOG's etc) as per the Bylaws section
            3.4 iv.) v.) and vi.). </div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>This short term assignment as far I know is done for free
            and AFRINIC does not charge the temporary requesters any
            fees.</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div> </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div> </div>
              <div>AFRINIC as a non profit organisation should not place
                itself in direct competition with its members.<br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>Which members is AFRINIC competing with exactly?  </div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div> </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div>Resource owners are restricted from leasing,</div>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <div> </div>
          <div>There is no such thing as a Resource owner. What there
            is, is Membership.</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue""><b>Bylaws section 6.1 subsection i.) talks of
              Membership as below.</b></p>
          <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue""><b> </b></p>
          <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue"">6) <b>MEMBERSHIP</b></p>
          <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue"">6.1) Subject to the other provisions of this
            Article, membership shall be open to:</p>
          <p class="gmail-p2"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue";min-height:15px"><br>
          </p>
          <div><i><span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                Neue";font-size:13px">i. any Person who is
                geographically based within, and<font color="#990000"> <b>providing
                    services in the African region</b></font>, and who
                is engaged in the </span><span class="gmail-s1"
                style="font-family:"Helvetica
                Neue";font-size:13px;text-decoration-line:underline"><b><font
                    color="#cc0000">use of</font></b></span><span
                style="font-family:"Helvetica
                Neue";font-size:13px"><font color="#cc0000">,</font>
                or <b style=""><font color="#990000">business of
                    providing, open system protocol network services;</font></b></span></i></div>
          <div> </div>
          <div>So to break down the above for you, the language talks of
            <i><b>engaged in the<span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                  Neue";font-size:13px"> </span><span
                  style="font-family:"Helvetica
                  Neue";font-size:13px">use of</span></b></i><span
              style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px"> and not leasing or brokering
              IPv4's but rather ''<b><i>use of</i></b>" meaning using
              the IP</span><span class="gmail-Apple-converted-space"
              style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px">  </span><span
              style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px">to provide internet related
              services in the Afrinic region on some</span><span
              class="gmail-Apple-converted-space"
              style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px"> </span><span
              style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px">network or system
              infrastructure.</span></div>
          <div><span class="gmail-Apple-converted-space"
              style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px"><br>
            </span></div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div>while the registry can lease out space as described
                in the policy, placing AFRINIC in a very awkward
                situation.<br clear="all">
              </div>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>AFRINIC does not lease, it allocates to LIR's and assigns
            members who seek PI INR's....</div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <p class="gmail-p1"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue"">CPM Section <span class="gmail-s1"
              style="color:rgb(32,90,115)">5.4.6.2</span> reads as below
            and still talks of <font color="#cc0000"><b>use</b></font></p>
          <p class="gmail-p2"
style="margin:0px;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:normal;font-family:"Helvetica
            Neue";min-height:15px"><br>
          </p>
          <div><i><span class="gmail-s1"
                style="font-family:"Helvetica
                Neue";font-size:13px;color:rgb(32,90,115)">5.4.6.2</span><span
                style="font-family:"Helvetica
                Neue";font-size:13px"> <font color="#990000"><b>AFRINIC
                    resources are for</b> </font><b style=""><font
                    color="#990000">AFRINIC service region</font></b> <b>and</b>
              </span><span class="gmail-s2"
                style="font-family:"Helvetica
                Neue";font-size:13px"><b style=""><font style=""
                    color="#000000">any </font><font color="#ff0000">use</font><font
                    style="text-decoration-line:underline"
                    color="#990000"> </font><font style=""
                    color="#990000">outside the region should be solely
                    in support of </font><font color="#000000">connectivity</font><font
                    style="" color="#990000"> back to the </font><font
                    color="#000000">AFRINIC region</font></b></span></i></div>
          <div><span class="gmail-s2" style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px;text-decoration-line:underline"><b><br>
              </b></span></div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div><font face="Helvetica Neue">Cheers,</font></div>
          <div><span class="gmail-s2" style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px">Noah</span></div>
          <div><span class="gmail-s2" style="font-family:"Helvetica
              Neue";font-size:13px;text-decoration-line:underline"><b><br>
              </b></span></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
RPD mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:RPD@afrinic.net">RPD@afrinic.net</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd">https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd</a>
</pre>
    </blockquote>
  </body>
</html>