<div dir="auto"><div dir="auto"><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:roboto,sans-serif;font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Dear Fernando, dear all, </span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:roboto,sans-serif;font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">The section 3.4.3 clearly states that:</span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:roboto,sans-serif;font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">"The Working Group Chair(s) shall evaluate the feedback received during the Public Policy Meeting and during this period and decide whether consensus has been achieved" </span><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">The process of evaluation involves carefully analyzing all the data and drawing the conclusions. This is exactly what the chairs did. They analyzed the data collected from both the mailing  list and the PPM and drew their conclusions :on some policies rough consensus have been achieved provided that some minor objections are addressed. As a part of this process they also made the recommendations on how to address this objections.</span></font></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></span></font></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">They did not force of coerce anyone to do anything. They simply stated that if these objections were to be addressed, rough consensus could be achieved. However, this also means that if these are not addressed by the authors, then there is no rough consensus. It is as simple as that. </span></font></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></span></font></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Also, in no part of the CPM it says that the Chairs are not allowed suggest changes to the proposal in the process of determining whether rough consensus has been achieved. </span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">I think the Chairs have done their roles within the purviews of the relevant regulations and I don’t think they’re obliged to answer our inquiries. They just merely consider them. So let us wait and see. </span></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><div dir="auto"><br></div></span></font></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Finally, considering the fact that the AFRINIC resource pool is quickly diminishing, not passing a Inter RIR transfer policy that is compatible with ARIN could be detrimental to the economic future of the region. So there is a certain sense of urgency that is impossible to deny.</span></font></div><div dir="auto"><font color="#333333" face="roboto, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.4px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></span></font></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Thus, I believe we all should put aside our bitterness and ask ourselves what is actually the best for the AFRINIC community. In my view, since time is running out, we must ensure that AFRINIC has an established way to receive resources before  the local pool is completely exhausted. </span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">What do you think? </span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Best wishes, </span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Kay </span></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, 25 Sep 2020, 16:21 Fernando Frediani <<a href="mailto:fhfrediani@gmail.com" rel="noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">fhfrediani@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
  
    
  
  <div>
    <p>In no part of the CPM says that Chairs' role is to suggest
      changes in the proposals, but to determine rough consensus has
      been achieved or not.</p>
    <p>It was mentioned all they did was in good faith and I am not
      seeming people disputing that. However even considering they did
      in good faith if they committed a mistake they must repair that by
      taking some of the proposals out of last call and brig back to
      discussion.<br>
      I am hoping they are carefully evaluating all the recent comments
      and can take the right decision in the benefit of the region by
      the due date.<br>
    </p>
    <p>As I have been saying, more important than get a supposedly
      needed policy as soon as possible is to get it right.</p>
    <p>Regards<br>
      Fernando<br>
    </p>
    <div>On 24/09/2020 20:38, lucilla fornaro
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div dir="ltr">
          <div dir="ltr">Hello Jordi and everyone,
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>
              <div>I have to disagree with pretty much every point, in
                particular, for what concerns points 1 and 2.</div>
              <div>First of all, the use of words should be highly
                pondered. Coercion is a serious business and it is a
                tactic that violates the principles of AFRINIC. You seem
                to say that Co-chairs used coercion as a threat of
                penalty to induce authors to agree to avoid unpleasant
                outcomes. This is completely wrong!</div>
              <div><br>
              </div>
              <div>Chairs job is to address major objections and suggest
                changes which is part of their administrative work and
                Co-chairs did a very good job in that sense.
                Furthermore, it is not forbidden and they did it in good
                faith. I see no force and no coercion in any of their
                suggestions.</div>
            </div>
            <div><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px"><br>
              </span></div>
            <div><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px">regards,</span></div>
            <div><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px">Lucilla </span></div>
            <div><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px"><br>
              </span></div>
            <div><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px"> </span></div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div class="gmail_quote">
        <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">Il giorno gio 24 set 2020 alle
          ore 01:06 JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via RPD <<a href="mailto:rpd@afrinic.net" rel="noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">rpd@afrinic.net</a>>
          ha scritto:<br>
        </div>
        <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
          <div style="word-wrap:break-word" lang="ES">
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">HI AK, all,</span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">I’ve confronted feelings myself. Somehow,
                  I will like to support how you tried to take decisions
                  (pending on a concrete analysis for each proposal,
                  that I’ve not got the time to do yet) and the way you
                  declared consensus, so we can make some progress,
                  especially for finally resolving the Inter-RIR issue
                  which I think it is extremely urgent for AFRINIC
                  assuming that it is implementable and functional,
                  otherwise, it is just a waste of time.</span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">However, there are several points that
                  are clearly violations of the PDP. And I’m saying this
                  even it is clearly against one of my own proposal
                  which reached consensus (based on your decision), but
                  as community, we must be clear and honest regardless
                  of being against us as authors.</span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">Let me try to explain every point,
                  following the PDP in our CPM:</span></p>
              <ol style="margin-top:0cm" type="1" start="1">
                <li style="margin-left:0cm"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">Section 3.3. As it has been said
                    earlier the chairs are there to perform
                    administrative functions (manage the meeting, the
                    list, determine consensus). There is no
                    authorization in the PDP to allow you to “force
                    authors” to “change this or that” if you want your
                    proposal to reach consensus.</span></li>
                <li style="margin-left:0cm"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">I fully understand the goal and I
                    applaud it, but then it must be given *<b>the same
                      opportunity</b>* to all the proposals, otherwise
                    you’re acting in a discriminatory way towards
                    different proposals. At the end even in the extreme
                    case, if all the proposal reach consensus, it is not
                    really relevant because if authors agree or not to
                    do changes that still don’t like to the community,
                    they will fail in the last call. So, it is fine that
                    you suggest to authors what do you believe are
                    “nits” to avoid failure in the last call, but not
                    actually coercing them to apply specific changes. In
                    the meeting, during the open mic, you were
                    suggesting that the “simple PDP update” can also
                    reach consensus if I agree to some changes. I was
                    not capturing your point until I saw the video a day
                    after. Even in the video you can see that some
                    audio/video is missing, and the actual audio that I
                    was getting during the video was not good at that
                    time. It is not a complain about that specific
                    proposal, just an example. So, do you think that’s
                    fair? If you really want to give the authors a
                    chance during the last call, the way to do it is *<b>before</b>*
                    the open mic, talking to them. In fact, as we
                    discussed a few days ago, you didn’t have to declare
                    consensus in the open mic, as Alain suggested, it
                    can be done a couple of days after, so you’ve time
                    to coordinate with the authors, they can already
                    send a revised version, etc.</span></li>
                <li style="margin-left:0cm"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US">This PDP (3.4.3) doesn’t allow changes
                    for the last call or right before it. In other PDP
                    of other RIRs there is an explicit “editorial
                    changes are allowed”. We don’t have that. Even if we
                    have that, what is an editorial change? We have
                    actually a problem with that in the last LACNIC
                    meeting. For me an editorial change is only
                    correcting grammar or mistakes, but not amending a
                    full section. The practice that we followed in
                    AFRINIC has been to accept this type of changes only
                    (correct mistakes, remove superfluous text, clarify
                    text) but not *<b>change conditions in the policies</b>*.
                    Again, I applaud the goal, but is not right, and it
                    is a clear matter for a valid appeal.</span></li>
              </ol>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">Note
                    something else, that I’ve said many times, in all
                    the RIRs. I see the chairs as super-heroes. I’m
                    happy to prepare and defend other 100 proposals, but
                    not to be a chair, so my sincere admiration towards
                    you. However, that doesn’t imply that, as humans,
                    you can make mistakes and that’s also why the PDP
                    provides (3.5.1) a conflict resolution that includes
                    raising the issues with you. Otherwise, anyone in
                    the community is able to appeal, not just for any
                    specific proposal, but for the general decisions
                    taken in the meeting. So my suggestion to avoid that
                    is that you should reconsider your decisions and
                    clarify what is a valid-objection and what is not
                    for each proposal.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">In
                    the worst case, if the community is not satisfied we
                    can also follow the recall process (3.5.3), but
                    hopefully we don’t need to go for that and repeat
                    the full meeting, etc. It will also take time for
                    the board to call for the recall committee, etc.
                    Let’s avoid it and that means that you react to the
                    different open questions, in general and for each
                    proposal.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">That
                    said, providing solutions, for the most urgent
                    policy that this region needs, the Inter-RIR, we can
                    resolve the issue, if it fails the last call or
                    there is an valid appeal, using the Varying the
                    process (3.6) PDP section. This still will mean we
                    lost 2-3 months. The other alternative is what I
                    proposed the other day. Asking the board to call for
                    a focussed meeting in December, may be just for
                    Inter-RIR, or may be 3-4 sessions of 1-2 hours for
                    sets of proposals, grouped in similar aspects.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">I’m
                    also still wainting your detailed responses, and
                    also from the staff (for some points) to my emails
                    on the morning of 21/9/2020 regarding two of my
                    proposals. Please follow up ASAP.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">I
                    will be sending, still very busy, sorry about that,
                    specific emails for each of the other policy
                    proposals.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">Regards,</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">Jordi</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">@jordipalet</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:12pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">El
                    22/9/20 23:46, "ABDULKARIM OLOYEDE" <<a href="mailto:oloyede.aa@unilorin.edu.ng" rel="noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">oloyede.aa@unilorin.edu.ng</a>>
                    escribió:</p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> </p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Dear Gregoire,</p>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Thank
                    you. Your concerns are noted. We would endure that
                    we come up with the best solution for the region
                    based on openness, transparency and fairness.  We
                    have not broken any section of the CPM rather we
                    upheld the CPM. 3.2.3 of the CPM says</p>
                </div>
                <h3 style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:35.4pt;box-sizing:border-box"><span style="font-size:18pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(117,117,117);font-weight:normal">3.2.3 Fairness</span></h3>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(117,117,117)">The
                      policies are to ensure fair distribution of
                      resources and facilitating the operation of the
                      Internet. </span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:red">Actions
                      are taken within a reasonable period of time.</span><span style="color:red"> </span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">3.4.2
                    .... <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(117,117,117)">The
                      Chair(s) determine(s) whether rough consensus has
                      been achieved during the Public Policy Meeting.</span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> </p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(117,117,117)">Co-
                      Chair PDWG</span></p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> </p>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">On
                    Mon, Sep 21, 2020 at 5:30 PM Gregoire EHOUMI <<a href="mailto:gregoire.ehoumi@yahoo.fr" rel="noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">gregoire.ehoumi@yahoo.fr</a>>
                    wrote:</p>
                </div>
                <blockquote style="border-style:none none none solid;border-left-width:1pt;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Dear
                        Co-chairs and WG </p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><br>
                        During the AFRINIC-32 PPM which was held last
                        week, the proceedings and decisions made by
                        cochairs, raised many concerns. Below are some
                        of them.<br>
                        The video of the meeting is publicly available.<br>
                        <br>
                        <br>
                        <b>Concern-1  objections management<br>
                          ————</b><br>
                        cochairs chose some objections raised and even
                        not-raised, did not say why comments and
                        explanations provided by authors and the
                        participants on the raised and discussed issues
                        were unsatisfactory. <br>
                        <br>
                        Few examples<br>
                        <br>
                        <span>⁃</span> Abuse
                        contact proposal<br>
                        <br>
                        The valid and unresolved objections according to
                        co-chairs decisions were:<br>
                        • Definition of abuse<br>
                        • GDPR compliance <br>
                        • Impact of legacy resources<br>
                        <br>
                        <br>
                        <span>⁃</span> RPKI ROAs
                        for Unallocated and Unassigned AFRINIC Address
                        Spaces <br>
                        <br>
                        The valid and unresolved objections according to
                        cochairs were:<br>
                        • AS0 ROA validity<br>
                        • Certain fear in the community that this
                        proposal may help staff reclaim resources if
                        members failed to pay membership fees.<br>
                        • Lack of a certain mitigation provision APNIC 
                        has in their policy<br>
                        <br>
                        -WG guidelines and procedures<br>
                        <br>
                        The valid and unresolved objections according to
                        cochairs were:<br>
                        <br>
                        • the proposed appointment of cochairs  by
                        consensus will create more problems for this
                        community. <br>
                        • Cochairs should not have hands in consensus <br>
                        • also Board interference.<br>
                        <br>
                        <span>⁃</span> Inter-RIR
                        transfer proposals <br>
                        <br>
                        On the 3 proposals being discussed <br>
                        <br>
                        Cochairs decided that :<br>
                        • one is far from reaching consensus as
                        incompatible with ARIN as per staff.<br>
                        • The other 2 are closer</p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><br>
                        <b><br>
                          Concern-2 fairness in the proceeding <br>
                          ——————————————————</b><br>
                        • When rendering their decisions and contrary to
                        what was announced, Cochairs did not question
                        all authors of transfer policy proposals showing
                        bias<br>
                        <br>
                        • Staff’s demand to the WG  to allow them to
                        request official compatibility analysis on each
                        of the proposals from other RIRs was denied <br>
                        <br>
                        • Authors were not even given chance to respond
                        to the point with ARIN <br>
                        <br>
                        <br>
                        <b>Concern-3 unilateral decisions by cochairs<br>
                          ————————————————————</b><br>
                        • cochairs decided that Afrinic service region
                        need an inter-RIR transfer policy as matter as
                        urgency  and can’t wait anymore <br>
                        <br>
                        • Cochairs decided that among the 3 proposals,
                        the one which aims to establish an efficient and
                        business-friendly mechanism to allow a number of
                        resources to be transferred from/to other
                        regions, should be pushed forward <br>
                        <br>
                        • Cochairs refused to consider the issues and
                        the implementation challenges  raised by the
                        staff impact assessment on proposal<br>
                        <br>
                        • Cochairs decided on which amendments should be
                        made to the selected proposal  for it to move
                        forward.<br>
                        <br>
                        1- Add 12 months delay for a source to be
                        eligible to receive allocation from AFRINIC<br>
                        <br>
                        2- Remove clause for legacy status after
                        transfer <br>
                        <br>
                        3-Fix clarity on notifications to the other RIRs
                        after the transfer<br>
                        <br>
                        It is obvious that 1) contradicts both problem
                        statement and solution of the proposal preferred
                        by cochairs.<br>
                        <br>
                        Cochairs appear to be deciding and injecting new
                        issues not previously mentioned in working
                        group. Not following due process of hearing
                        authors and the hurry to decide for working
                        group is unacceptable. The cochairs report must
                        rather provide an open issues list of
                        outstanding issues for working group to
                        deliberate on. There had been no attempt by
                        cochairs to gauge consensus throughout the
                        meeting. <br>
                        <br>
                        In the view of all these violations of the PDP,
                        I urge you to reconsider all decisions made
                        during the last PPM and give chance to the WG to
                        appropriately address the open issues and come
                        to the best conclusions for the region.<br>
                        <br>
                        --<br>
                        Gregoire Ehoumi ( on behalf of the authors of WG
                        guidelines and procedures and AFRINIC Number
                        Ressources transfer proposals)</p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> </p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> </p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="color:black">-------- Original
                            message --------</span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="color:black">From: ABDULKARIM OLOYEDE
                            <<a href="mailto:oloyede.aa@unilorin.edu.ng" rel="noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">oloyede.aa@unilorin.edu.ng</a>>
                          </span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="color:black">Date: 2020-09-20 8:06
                            p.m. (GMT-05:00) </span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="color:black">To: rpd List <<a href="mailto:rpd@afrinic.net" rel="noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">rpd@afrinic.net</a>>
                          </span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="color:black">Subject: [rpd] Decisions
                            and summary on policy proposals discussed
                            during the online Policy meeting (AFRINIC
                            32) </span></p>
                      </div>
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                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span style="color:black"> </span></p>
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                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Dear
                                                          PDWG Members,</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> Please
                                                          find below a
                                                          summary for
                                                          each of the
                                                          proposal
                                                          discussed during
                                                          the just
                                                          concluded
                                                          online policy
                                                          meeting of
                                                          AFRINIC 32  </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">1.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Simple
                                                          PDP Update </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          policy defines
                                                          consensus. It
                                                          also proposes
                                                          that a policy
                                                          discussed at
                                                          the PPM does
                                                          not need to
                                                          come back for
                                                          another PPM
                                                          for the
                                                          Co-chairs to
                                                          arrive at a
                                                          decision. This
                                                          can help in
                                                          streamlining
                                                          the work
                                                          during the PPM
                                                          and encourages
                                                          people to use
                                                          the mailing
                                                          list. </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">There
                                                          were lots of
                                                          irrelevant
                                                          objections on
                                                          the mailing
                                                          list such as
                                                          someone
                                                          registering
                                                          many emails.
                                                          We believe
                                                          that this does
                                                          not matter
                                                          because rough
                                                          consensus is
                                                          not about
                                                          numbers but
                                                          quality
                                                          objections.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">However,
                                                          there is
                                                          strong
                                                          opposition to
                                                          this policy
                                                          based on the
                                                          following: </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Oppose
                                                          the policy
                                                          because of the
                                                          way the
                                                          consensus is
                                                          reached. This
                                                          proposal
                                                          proposes that
                                                          the consensus
                                                          be reached
                                                          through a
                                                          balance of the
                                                          mailing
                                                          list/forum and
                                                          not at the
                                                          PPM. This
                                                          endangers fair
                                                          consensus and
                                                          hijacks the
                                                          policymaking
                                                          process. Based
                                                          on experience,
                                                          it is during
                                                          the PPM that
                                                          most community
                                                          members focus
                                                          on policies. </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">b.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Issues
                                                          around how the
                                                          chairs should
                                                          drop
                                                          proposals.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">c.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Trust
                                                          in the mailing
                                                          list: Some
                                                          strongly
                                                          believe that
                                                          anonymous
                                                          contribution
                                                          should be
                                                          allowed while
                                                          some believes
                                                          it should not.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">d.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Issues
                                                          around having
                                                          more than 1
                                                          PPM per year
                                                          and Online PPM
                                                          because of
                                                          volunteer
                                                          burnout. We
                                                          are all
                                                          volunteers and
                                                          it’s a night
                                                          job for us.
                                                          More PPMs mean
                                                          more time to
                                                          volunteer and
                                                          more chances
                                                          for burnouts </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">e.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Some
                                                          members of the
                                                          Community
                                                          thinks only
                                                          burning or
                                                          polarizing
                                                          issues should
                                                          be brought to
                                                          the PPM.</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Decision:   No
                                                          Consensus</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">2.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">PDP
                                                          Working Group
                                                          </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          proposal aims
                                                          at allowing
                                                          most of the
                                                          decisions
                                                          including
                                                          chair
                                                          elections to
                                                          be determined
                                                          via
                                                          consensus. 
                                                          This can be
                                                          reasonable
                                                          when the
                                                          community has
                                                          the same goal.
                                                          However, there
                                                          were a number
                                                          of objections
                                                          to it. These
                                                          are:</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Entrusting
                                                          the WG to make
                                                          their
                                                          decisions by
                                                          consensus and
                                                          the
                                                          appointment of
                                                          their
                                                          co-chairs by
                                                          consensus do
                                                          not make sense
                                                          and is only
                                                          utopic.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">b.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">People
                                                          are not policy
                                                          proposals, and
                                                          thus choosing
                                                          by consensus
                                                          is splitting
                                                          hairs with the
                                                          election
                                                          process we
                                                          already have.
                                                          Save the
                                                          consensus for
                                                          the proposals,
                                                          and the
                                                          election for
                                                          people.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">c.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Consensus
                                                          may even take
                                                          months, and
                                                          this can’t fly
                                                          when we want
                                                          to put people
                                                          in the vacant
                                                          roles.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">d.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Co-chairs
                                                          should not
                                                          have a hand in
                                                          the consensus,
                                                          but only sit
                                                          back and let
                                                          the community
                                                          decide for
                                                          themselves.
                                                          Additionally,
                                                          the consensus
                                                          process is not
                                                          feasible with
                                                          a deadline.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">e.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Focus
                                                          on polishing
                                                          the current
                                                          electoral
                                                          process
                                                          instead of
                                                          complicating
                                                          other untested
                                                          forms of
                                                          “election”.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">f.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                   
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">The
                                                          current status
                                                          quo’s election
                                                          should be the
                                                          only option in
                                                          choosing for
                                                          the roles, and
                                                          not through
                                                          less
                                                          transparent
                                                          means.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">g.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Board
                                                          would be
                                                          interfering
                                                          too much on
                                                          issues that
                                                          deal with PDP</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Decision:   
                                                          No Consensus</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">3.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Election
                                                          Process </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          proposal aims
                                                          at introducing
                                                          an online
                                                          voting system
                                                          for the
                                                          Co-Chairs
                                                          election. The
                                                          following are
                                                          the opposition
                                                          to this
                                                          proposal. </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          policy reduces
                                                          participation.
                                                          Equal
                                                          representation
                                                          is violated
                                                          because the
                                                          board has
                                                          unprecedented
                                                          power. </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">b.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">There
                                                          is also not
                                                          enough
                                                          information on
                                                          the logistics
                                                          of the vote
                                                          (e-voting).</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">c.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">There
                                                          is a
                                                          contradiction
                                                          <s>on </s>when
                                                          the term ends
                                                          during the
                                                          meeting. “The
                                                          term ends
                                                          during the
                                                          first PPM
                                                          corresponding
                                                          to the end of
                                                          the term for
                                                          which they
                                                          were
                                                          appointed” is
                                                          not clear
                                                          enough, and “A
                                                          term may begin
                                                          or end no
                                                          sooner than
                                                          the first day
                                                          of the PPM and
                                                          no later than
                                                          the last day
                                                          of the PPM as
                                                          determined by
                                                          mutual
                                                          agreement of
                                                          the current
                                                          Chair and the
                                                          new Chair”
                                                          contradicts
                                                          each other.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">d.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Gender
                                                          restriction on
                                                          3.3.1.3 , some
                                                          community
                                                          members argue
                                                          it is
                                                          impractical
                                                          and maybe even
                                                          unfair if we
                                                          force both
                                                          chairs to have
                                                          different
                                                          genders.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">e.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Issues
                                                          around which
                                                          voter's
                                                          register
                                                          should be
                                                          adopted </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Decision: No
                                                          Consensus</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">4.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Board
                                                          Prerogatives </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          proposal aims
                                                          at clarifying
                                                          how the board
                                                          and the PDWG 
                                                          works.
                                                          However, there
                                                          were a few
                                                          oppositions to
                                                          this proposal
                                                          except for a
                                                          specific
                                                          section.  </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">It
                                                          seems like a
                                                          piecemeal
                                                          approach to
                                                          dealing with
                                                          issues. </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">b.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Opposition
                                                          to the section
                                                          below</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><i><span lang="EN-PH">“As
                                                          an exception
                                                          of the
                                                          preceding
                                                          paragraph, in
                                                          the absence of
                                                          elections
                                                          processes for
                                                          aspects
                                                          related to the
                                                          PDP
                                                          (co-chairs,
                                                          appeal
                                                          committee),
                                                          those aspects
                                                          will be still
                                                          handled by the
                                                          board in
                                                          consultation
                                                          with the
                                                          community.
                                                          However, this
                                                          is also a
                                                          temporary
                                                          measure and
                                                          also specific
                                                          draft policy
                                                          proposals
                                                          should be
                                                          introduced for
                                                          that</span></i><span lang="EN-PH">”.
                                                          The authors
                                                          agreed to
                                                          remove the
                                                          above section
                                                          hence</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Decision:
                                                          Consensus
                                                          provided the
                                                          above section
                                                          is removed </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">5.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Policy
                                                          Compliance
                                                          Dashboard</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">The
                                                          policy
                                                          proposal seeks
                                                          to provide a
                                                          framework or a
                                                          policy
                                                          compliance
                                                          dashboard be
                                                          developed by
                                                          AFRINIC and
                                                          incorporated
                                                          in myAFRINIC
                                                          (and future
                                                          member’s
                                                          communication
                                                          platforms). 
                                                          It will allow
                                                          a periodic
                                                          review of the
                                                          policy
                                                          compliance
                                                          status of each
                                                          member. It
                                                          will also
                                                          enable members
                                                          to receive
                                                          automated
                                                          notifications
                                                          for any issue.
                                                          Staff will
                                                          receive
                                                          repeated
                                                          warnings of
                                                          lack of
                                                          compliance or
                                                          severe
                                                          violations
                                                          enshrined in
                                                          the CPM.
                                                          However, there
                                                          are several
                                                          oppositions to
                                                          this proposal,
                                                          such as:</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          policy seems
                                                          to be
                                                          redundant of
                                                          the status quo
                                                          as violations
                                                          are already
                                                          checked and
                                                          processed by
                                                          the human
                                                          staff.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">b.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">There
                                                          is already an
                                                          existing
                                                          system of
                                                          guidelines on
                                                          keeping track
                                                          of the
                                                          violations of
                                                          members.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">c.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">The
                                                          policy is not
                                                          binding and
                                                          does not
                                                          enforce
                                                          members
                                                          actually to
                                                          follow the
                                                          rules and not
                                                          violate
                                                          policies. </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">d.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Ignorance
                                                          could be a
                                                          convenient
                                                          excuse for
                                                          violations
                                                          because one
                                                          could claim
                                                          that they
                                                          never got
                                                          notified about
                                                          their
                                                          violations.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">e.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">There
                                                          is no
                                                          comprehensive
                                                          system on how
                                                          the board
                                                          should take
                                                          proper actions
                                                          once members
                                                          violate
                                                          policies, nor
                                                          does it give
                                                          guidelines
                                                          based on the
                                                          severity of
                                                          the
                                                          violations.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">f.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                   
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">This
                                                          policy takes
                                                          away resources
                                                          that could be
                                                          used for more
                                                          beneficial
                                                          pursuits to
                                                          AFRINIC for
                                                          something
                                                          existing in
                                                          the system.</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">g.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">It
                                                          an
                                                          administrative 
                                                          process, and
                                                          this should be
                                                          left to staff</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Decision:  NO
                                                          rough
                                                          Consensus</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">6.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Abuse
                                                          Contact Update
                                                          </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">The
                                                          proposal makes
                                                          it mandatory
                                                          for AFRINIC to
                                                          include in
                                                          each resource
                                                          registration,
                                                          a contact
                                                          where network
                                                          abuse from
                                                          users of those
                                                          resources will
                                                          be reported. 
                                                          The proposal
                                                          whois DB
                                                          attribute
                                                          (abuse-c) to
                                                          be used to
                                                          publish abuse
                                                          public contact
                                                          information.
                                                          There’s also a
                                                          process to
                                                          ensure that
                                                          the recipient
                                                          must receive
                                                          abuse report
                                                          and that
                                                          contacts are
                                                          validated by
                                                          AFRINIC
                                                          regularly.
                                                          However, there
                                                          some
                                                          opposition to
                                                          the proposal
                                                          there are:</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Staff
                                                          analysis on
                                                          how it affects
                                                          legacy holder
                                                          not
                                                          conclusive 
                                                          (not sure why
                                                          this should
                                                          affect legacy
                                                          holders) </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">b.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">The
                                                          proposal
                                                          doesn’t state
                                                          what will be
                                                          the
                                                          consequences
                                                          of one member
                                                          fails to
                                                          comply. Why
                                                          are we
                                                          creating the
                                                          abuse contact
                                                          when there is
                                                          no consequence
                                                          for not
                                                          providing the
                                                          abuse contact
                                                          </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">c.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Abuse
                                                          contact email
                                                          and issues
                                                          with GDPR
                                                          concerning the
                                                          whois database</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">d.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">No
                                                          proper
                                                          definition of
                                                          the term Abuse</span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">e.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                 
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">To
                                                          force members
                                                          to reply to
                                                          their abuse
                                                          email is not
                                                          in the scope
                                                          of AFRINIC.</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">Chairs
                                                          Decision: No
                                                          rough
                                                          consensus </span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH"> </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:71.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">7.</span><span lang="EN-PH">      
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">RPKI
                                                          ROAs for
                                                          Unallocated
                                                          and Unassigned
                                                          AFRINIC
                                                          Address Space</span></p>
                                                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-left:35.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">The
                                                          proposal
                                                          instructs
                                                          AFRINIC to
                                                          create ROAs
                                                          for all
                                                          unallocated
                                                          and unassigned
                                                          address space
                                                          under its
                                                          control. This
                                                          will enable
                                                          networks
                                                          performing
                                                          RPKI-based BGP
                                                          Origin
                                                          Validation to
                                                          easily reject
                                                          all the bogon
                                                          announcements
                                                          covering
                                                          resources
                                                          managed by
                                                          AFRINIC.
                                                          However, there
                                                          are many
                                                          oppositions
                                                          such as: </span></p>
                                                          <p style="margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:125.4pt;line-height:106%"><span lang="EN-PH">a.</span><span lang="EN-PH">                  
                                                          </span><span lang="EN-PH">Allowing
                                                          resource
                                                          holders to
                                                          create AS0/
                                                          ROA will lead
                                                          to an increase
                                                          of even more
                                                          invalid
                            </span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div></blockquote></div></blockquote></div></blockquote></div>