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<p>I prefer we use the phrase "Underground Market"as against "Black
Market".</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 01/06/2020 7:23 pm, JORDI PALET
MARTINEZ via RPD wrote:<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US">We have failed on this, and not just in Africa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US">We have invested a lot in training engineers,
but we haven’t reached decision makers in a way that
convince them sufficiently to take the decision. Some years
ago, it was not so easy to probe the point about the cost
savings, because we were advocating for dual-stack. But
dual-stack is no longer a possible long-term strategy, and
now it shows that IPv6-only is much cheaper and possible
(IPv6-only transition is “relatively” new).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-US">Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US">Jordi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US">@jordipalet<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">El 1/6/20
19:45, "Kangamutima zabika Christophe" <<a
href="mailto:funga.roho@yandex.com"
moz-do-not-send="true">funga.roho@yandex.com</a>>
escribió:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">+
community-discuss@<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Owen et Noah.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Est ce que
depuis toutes ces années où Afrinic fait une sensibilisation
massive sur la migration à IPV6 Afrinic s'est-il posé la
question la raison de la FORTE RETICENCE de grands
opérateurs téléphoniques (principaux fournisseurs actuels à
travers l'internet mobile ). Parcequ'à mon avis si le
maintien de l'essentiel de l'infrastructure d'un opérateur
comme Airtel, MTN ou Orange dans IPV4 lui couterait plus
cher, ils auraient déjà migré sans qu'Afrinic ne leur
rappelle à tout moment. Afrinic a déjà mené des formations,
des atéliers en tout genre plus de 30 pays africains mais
très peu ont véritablement basculé au IPV6. Je pense que la
méthode coercitive la bonne (incitation ou obligation des
régulateurs, etc.). Il suffirait d'avoir un argumentaire
pertinent, présenté des avantages (tant techniques
qu'économiques) et retombées évidentes pour les opérateurs
de téléphonie, et FAI opérant en Afrique pour qu'ils
l'adoptent dans l'ensemble. Tant qu'on se borne sur les
memes arguments qui ont démontré leur faiblesse depuis plus
d'une décennie rien ne changera.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">KANGAMUTIMA<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">01.06.2020,
05:13, "Owen DeLong" <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:owen@delong.com"><owen@delong.com></a>:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">The
opinions below are mine and mine alone. They are not
official positions of any organization I may be
affiliated with…(Several of which probably prefer I not
post them)<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">On May
31, 2020, at 14:37 , Noah <<a
href="mailto:noah@neo.co.tz"
moz-do-not-send="true">noah@neo.co.tz</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">On Sun,
May 31, 2020 at 10:02 PM Owen DeLong
<<a href="mailto:owen@delong.com"
moz-do-not-send="true">owen@delong.com</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">On
May 31, 2020, at 11:40 ,
Noah <<a
href="mailto:noah@neo.co.tz"
moz-do-not-send="true">noah@neo.co.tz</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">See
inline....<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p
class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">We
were not faced
with a choice
between
“Implement
transfer
markets or
not.” We were
faced with a
choice of
“Recognize
transfer
markets and<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p
class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">regulate
them or ensure
that they are
black markets
and that the
RIR system and
its IPv4
policies
become
irrelevant to
the actual
operation of<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p
class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">the
internet.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">And black markets still
exist nonetheless (a
failure of responsible
audits and
accountability)
irrespective of
existing transfer
markets imho.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Most
of the places where black
markets exist with any
significance are places with
unreasonably restrictive
transfer policies. It’s not so
much a failure of responsible
audits and<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">accountability
as a failure of policy to adapt
to reality.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">The
AfriNIC region has an IPv4 transfer
within the AfriNIC region policy
[link 1] where under section 5.7
there are provisions that permit
transfers of IPv4 address space
within Africa, therefore one would
not claim that there are
unreasonable restrictions.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">This
depends on your definition of reasonable restrictions, I
suppose.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">But if
responsible audits were to be
attempted to ensure compliance and
accountability that would go to
resolve the apparent black market.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Would it?
I can think of several ways to legitimately transfer the
use of addresses without necessarily transferring or
altering the registration at AfriNIC, none of which
would be a violation of AfriNIC policies as currently
written.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">My
definition of a black market is any effective transfer
which is not recorded in the RIR database.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Perhaps
your definition is any effective transfer which violates
policy.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Those are
very different definitions. The former will not be
prevented or addressed in any effective way through
auditing. The latter is a much narrower definition, and
would only catch people incapable of minimal creative
thought.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">People
are seeing the current overly
restrictive transfer policy in
the AfriNIC region as damage and
routing around it.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Well the
AfriNIC Bylaws [link 2] Section 3
[Objectives of the Company], sub
section (iii) below ensures;<br>
<br>
<strong><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">(iii)
to promote responsible
management of Internet resources
throughout the African region,
as well as the responsible
development and operation of
Internet infrastructures;</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Surely,
AfriNIC as a company can not just
forget its own responsibility as
bestowed to her in the Bylaws. The
people who are seeing this as overly
restrictive should understand that
we can not break our own rules/laws
and I don't see how such
restrictions are a damage if they
are meant to ensure that number
resources within the AfriNIC region
are put to good use for the purpose
they were requested for in order to
develop the Internet in Africa.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">I’m not
suggesting that they should. We have agreed to disagree
on what constitutes compliance with that requirement in
the past. I see no reason that will change in the
foreseeable future.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p
class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">So
now we have
folks with
capital
spending most
of their
energy moving
IPv4 address
space all over
the place
since its a
currency that
ensures
serious
economic
benefits. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">If you know of a way to
stop this, I’m all
ears.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Impossible to stop
economic activities. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Thus,
we felt it was better in the ARIN
region to provide reasonable
accommodation while still
preserving useful aspects of
regulation. I think we have
achieved<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">a good
balance there and that there’s
relatively little black market
movement of IPv4 resources in the
ARIN region which has also made it
possible to have<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">better
accountability (for example the
recent reclamation of a large
quantity of improperly transferred
address space).<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">What works
in ARIN may not necessarily work in
the AfrNIC region but there are
currently some policy proposals the
working group are looking at within
AfriNIC. We shall see how that goes as
we adhere to our Bylaws.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Sure…
Conversely, however, just because it’s Africa doesn’t
necessarily mean that what works elsewhere won’t work
there. Far more similarities exist than differences.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Faced with the business
externalities that
they are, they
really have no
choice but to try<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">and acquire enough IPv4 to
support customer
demand for as long
as possible. I can
assure you that
each of them would
love to see
customer demand
for IPv4 go away.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Hence my point that both
shall co-exist for years.
So we cant devalue IPv4 in
an attempt to promote IPv6
and this is why
responsible management of
IPv4 space must be
ensured.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Nobody
said that devaluing IPv4 was a way
to promote IPv6… We said that
deploying IPv6 would devalue IPv4.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Ok
understood, but my point was that the
deployment of IPv6 is not a clear cut
process as folks seem to suggest since
the decisions are internal for each
entity.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Oh, it is
a clear cut process. The timetable is unclear because
each entity gets to implement on their own schedule, but
the process is very clear cut and the sooner more
entities do deploy IPv6, the better for everyone else.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Nonetheless,
regardless of the timeframe, the fact remains that the
best and most effective way to devalue IPv4 is to deploy
IPv6.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="border:none;border-left:solid
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="border:none;border-left:solid
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm
0cm 0cm
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">OTOH, IPv6 is available to
the vast majority
of eyeballs in the
US. Comcast has
100% IPv6
coverage, as do
most of the major
cellular carriers.
AIUI, the other
major<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">eyeball ISPs in the US are
fast approaching
that.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">One can attribute
different factors to such
outcomes beyond just the
US.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">I cited
the US as an example because it is
the market with which I have the
greatest familiarity. If you want
another good example outside of
the US, look at the current rate
of IPv6 adoption around India.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Globally,
Google is seeing more than 30% of
their traffic via IPv6. The prime
laggards according to their map
are northern Asia, Russia,
Greenland, the Middle East, and
the vast majority of Africa.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">In
fact, Africa is by far, the least
deployed continent for IPv6, with
notable exceptions in Togo and
Gabon and problematic deployments
in Kenya and Burundi.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">I think
you will see spontaneous
deployment of IPv6 across China in
the near future. Being as all the
major ISPs in China are
essentially one organization owned
by the government, when the
mandate finally comes,
implementation and deployment will
be quite rapid.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">I like the
"you will see spontaneous deployment
of IPv6" part of your response but
IPv4 is still useful for a while.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Nobody
said it wasn’t.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Nonetheless,
it is a fact that IPv4 is:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">+
Increasing in cost both acquisition cost and operational
cost.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">+
Decreasing in functionality<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">+ At some
point will be capable of reaching a declining subset of
the full internet.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="border:none;border-left:solid
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="border:none;border-left:solid
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm
0cm 0cm
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm">
<div>
<div>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p
class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Atleast
this is how I
see it.
Capitalism at
its best.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Or one of the finest
examples of how
capitalism is
nearly as flawed
as the
alternatives.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">No system is perfect after
all.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">Agreed…
But people love to tout th
failures of socialism while often
ignoring those same failures in a
different form in capitalism.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">In
socialism, the lack of reward for
effort and the lack of incentive
to rise above is cited quite
often.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">In
capitalism, the failure to tie
reward and/or incentive to a
greater good is mostly overlooked.
The concept of perverse incentives
occasionally gets mentioned, but
usually in arguing for
deregulation which often
exacerbates the most harmful
perverse incentives.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">The take
away for me is that both have pros and
cons however, for any industry to
thrive in either systems,
raw-materials are extremely important
since they form part of the means of
production. Textile factories in both
a socialist and capitalist systems
would still require Cotton as a raw
material.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">A textile
factory can use cotton. In many cases, it can also use
polyester, rayon, dacron, nylon, hemp, wool, or a
variety of other fibers. In Uganda, textiles have been
made of fibers from tree bark.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">There are
many alternatives and if Cotton became scarce and
expensive, most textile production would shift to other
materials rather rapidly.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt">In our case
within the Internet Industry, IPv4
addresses (just like IPv6) are the
scarce resources which form part of
the means of production for the final
service the Internet. As such,
responsible management of INR is akeen
to the promotion and development of
the Internet Industry in Africa which
so many on the continent have come to
rely on to sell their labor, research
& education, economic activities,
social life etc.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">In our
case, IPv4 and IPv6 are both raw materials. In an ideal
world, by now, they would be functional equivalents and
could be used interchangeably.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Unfortunately,
that ship has sailed and we are where we are. As such,
the textile comparison fails because we have cotton and
wool, but currently only 40% of the population can wear
wool, while 100% of the population can wear cotton, but
we only have enough cotton to make garments for 1/5th of
the worlds population, thus every person wanting to wear
a cotton garment must share that garment with at least 4
other strangers.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Owen<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:35.4pt">_______________________________________________<br>
RPD mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:RPD@afrinic.net" moz-do-not-send="true">RPD@afrinic.net</a><br>
<a href="https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">-- <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">Christophe
KANGAMUTIMA ZABIKA<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt">_______________________________________________
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