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--></style></head><body lang=ES link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>We have failed on this, and not just in Africa.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>We have invested a lot in training engineers, but we haven’t reached decision makers in a way that convince them sufficiently to take the decision. Some years ago, it was not so easy to probe the point about the cost savings, because we were advocating for dual-stack. But dual-stack is no longer a possible long-term strategy, and now it shows that IPv6-only is much cheaper and possible (IPv6-only transition is “relatively” new).<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Jordi<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>@jordipalet<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>El 1/6/20 19:45, "Kangamutima zabika Christophe" <<a href="mailto:funga.roho@yandex.com">funga.roho@yandex.com</a>> escribió:<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>+ community-discuss@<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Owen et Noah.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Est ce que depuis toutes ces années où Afrinic fait une sensibilisation massive sur la migration à IPV6 Afrinic s'est-il posé la question la raison de la FORTE RETICENCE de grands opérateurs téléphoniques (principaux fournisseurs actuels à travers l'internet mobile ). Parcequ'à mon avis si le maintien de l'essentiel de l'infrastructure d'un opérateur comme Airtel, MTN ou Orange dans IPV4 lui couterait plus cher, ils auraient déjà migré sans qu'Afrinic ne leur rappelle à tout moment. Afrinic a déjà mené des formations, des atéliers en tout genre plus de 30 pays africains mais très peu ont véritablement basculé au IPV6. Je pense que la méthode coercitive la bonne (incitation ou obligation des régulateurs, etc.). Il suffirait d'avoir un argumentaire pertinent, présenté des avantages (tant techniques qu'économiques) et retombées évidentes pour les opérateurs de téléphonie, et FAI opérant en Afrique pour qu'ils l'adoptent dans l'ensemble. Tant qu'on se borne sur les memes arguments qui ont démontré leur faiblesse depuis plus d'une décennie rien ne changera.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>KANGAMUTIMA<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>01.06.2020, 05:13, "Owen DeLong" <owen@delong.com>:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>The opinions below are mine and mine alone. They are not official positions of any organization I may be affiliated with…(Several of which probably prefer I not post them)<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>On May 31, 2020, at 14:37 , Noah <<a href="mailto:noah@neo.co.tz">noah@neo.co.tz</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>On Sun, May 31, 2020 at 10:02 PM Owen DeLong <<a href="mailto:owen@delong.com">owen@delong.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>On May 31, 2020, at 11:40 , Noah <<a href="mailto:noah@neo.co.tz">noah@neo.co.tz</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>See inline....<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>We were not faced with a choice between “Implement transfer markets or not.” We were faced with a choice of “Recognize transfer markets and<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>regulate them or ensure that they are black markets and that the RIR system and its IPv4 policies become irrelevant to the actual operation of<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>the internet.”<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>And black markets still exist nonetheless (a failure of responsible audits and accountability) irrespective of existing transfer markets imho.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Most of the places where black markets exist with any significance are places with unreasonably restrictive transfer policies. It’s not so much a failure of responsible audits and<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>accountability as a failure of policy to adapt to reality.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>The AfriNIC region has an IPv4 transfer within the AfriNIC region policy [link 1] where under section 5.7 there are provisions that permit transfers of IPv4 address space within Africa, therefore one would not claim that there are unreasonable restrictions.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>This depends on your definition of reasonable restrictions, I suppose.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>But if responsible audits were to be attempted to ensure compliance and accountability that would go to resolve the apparent black market.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Would it? I can think of several ways to legitimately transfer the use of addresses without necessarily transferring or altering the registration at AfriNIC, none of which would be a violation of AfriNIC policies as currently written.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>My definition of a black market is any effective transfer which is not recorded in the RIR database.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Perhaps your definition is any effective transfer which violates policy.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Those are very different definitions. The former will not be prevented or addressed in any effective way through auditing. The latter is a much narrower definition, and would only catch people incapable of minimal creative thought.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>People are seeing the current overly restrictive transfer policy in the AfriNIC region as damage and routing around it.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Well the AfriNIC Bylaws [link 2] Section 3 [Objectives of the Company], sub section (iii) below ensures;<br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>(iii) to promote responsible management of Internet resources throughout the African region, as well as the responsible development and operation of Internet infrastructures;</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Surely, AfriNIC as a company can not just forget its own responsibility as bestowed to her in the Bylaws. The people who are seeing this as overly restrictive should understand that we can not break our own rules/laws and I don't see how such restrictions are a damage if they are meant to ensure that number resources within the AfriNIC region are put to good use for the purpose they were requested for in order to develop the Internet in Africa.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>I’m not suggesting that they should. We have agreed to disagree on what constitutes compliance with that requirement in the past. I see no reason that will change in the foreseeable future.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>So now we have folks with capital spending most of their energy moving IPv4 address space all over the place since its a currency that ensures serious economic benefits. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>If you know of a way to stop this, I’m all ears.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>Impossible to stop economic activities. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Thus, we felt it was better in the ARIN region to provide reasonable accommodation while still preserving useful aspects of regulation. I think we have achieved<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>a good balance there and that there’s relatively little black market movement of IPv4 resources in the ARIN region which has also made it possible to have<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>better accountability (for example the recent reclamation of a large quantity of improperly transferred address space).<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>What works in ARIN may not necessarily work in the AfrNIC region but there are currently some policy proposals the working group are looking at within AfriNIC. We shall see how that goes as we adhere to our Bylaws.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Sure… Conversely, however, just because it’s Africa doesn’t necessarily mean that what works elsewhere won’t work there. Far more similarities exist than differences.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>Faced with the business externalities that they are, they really have no choice but to try<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>and acquire enough IPv4 to support customer demand for as long as possible. I can assure you that each of them would love to see customer demand for IPv4 go away.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>Hence my point that both shall co-exist for years. So we cant devalue IPv4 in an attempt to promote IPv6 and this is why responsible management of IPv4 space must be ensured.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Nobody said that devaluing IPv4 was a way to promote IPv6… We said that deploying IPv6 would devalue IPv4.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Ok understood, but my point was that the deployment of IPv6 is not a clear cut process as folks seem to suggest since the decisions are internal for each entity.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Oh, it is a clear cut process. The timetable is unclear because each entity gets to implement on their own schedule, but the process is very clear cut and the sooner more entities do deploy IPv6, the better for everyone else.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Nonetheless, regardless of the timeframe, the fact remains that the best and most effective way to devalue IPv4 is to deploy IPv6.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>OTOH, IPv6 is available to the vast majority of eyeballs in the US. Comcast has 100% IPv6 coverage, as do most of the major cellular carriers. AIUI, the other major<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>eyeball ISPs in the US are fast approaching that.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>One can attribute different factors to such outcomes beyond just the US.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>I cited the US as an example because it is the market with which I have the greatest familiarity. If you want another good example outside of the US, look at the current rate of IPv6 adoption around India.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Globally, Google is seeing more than 30% of their traffic via IPv6. The prime laggards according to their map are northern Asia, Russia, Greenland, the Middle East, and the vast majority of Africa.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>In fact, Africa is by far, the least deployed continent for IPv6, with notable exceptions in Togo and Gabon and problematic deployments in Kenya and Burundi.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>I think you will see spontaneous deployment of IPv6 across China in the near future. Being as all the major ISPs in China are essentially one organization owned by the government, when the mandate finally comes, implementation and deployment will be quite rapid.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>I like the "you will see spontaneous deployment of IPv6" part of your response but IPv4 is still useful for a while.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Nobody said it wasn’t.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Nonetheless, it is a fact that IPv4 is:<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>+ Increasing in cost both acquisition cost and operational cost.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>+ Decreasing in functionality<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>+ At some point will be capable of reaching a declining subset of the full internet.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm'><div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>Atleast this is how I see it. Capitalism at its best.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>Or one of the finest examples of how capitalism is nearly as flawed as the alternatives.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'>No system is perfect after all.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Agreed… But people love to tout th failures of socialism while often ignoring those same failures in a different form in capitalism.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>In socialism, the lack of reward for effort and the lack of incentive to rise above is cited quite often.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>In capitalism, the failure to tie reward and/or incentive to a greater good is mostly overlooked. The concept of perverse incentives occasionally gets mentioned, but usually in arguing for deregulation which often exacerbates the most harmful perverse incentives.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>The take away for me is that both have pros and cons however, for any industry to thrive in either systems, raw-materials are extremely important since they form part of the means of production. Textile factories in both a socialist and capitalist systems would still require Cotton as a raw material.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>A textile factory can use cotton. In many cases, it can also use polyester, rayon, dacron, nylon, hemp, wool, or a variety of other fibers. In Uganda, textiles have been made of fibers from tree bark.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>There are many alternatives and if Cotton became scarce and expensive, most textile production would shift to other materials rather rapidly.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>In our case within the Internet Industry, IPv4 addresses (just like IPv6) are the scarce resources which form part of the means of production for the final service the Internet. As such, responsible management of INR is akeen to the promotion and development of the Internet Industry in Africa which so many on the continent have come to rely on to sell their labor, research & education, economic activities, social life etc.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>In our case, IPv4 and IPv6 are both raw materials. In an ideal world, by now, they would be functional equivalents and could be used interchangeably.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Unfortunately, that ship has sailed and we are where we are. As such, the textile comparison fails because we have cotton and wool, but currently only 40% of the population can wear wool, while 100% of the population can wear cotton, but we only have enough cotton to make garments for 1/5th of the worlds population, thus every person wanting to wear a cotton garment must share that garment with at least 4 other strangers.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Owen<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>,<o:p></o:p></p><p style='margin-left:35.4pt'>_______________________________________________<br>RPD mailing list<br><a href="mailto:RPD@afrinic.net">RPD@afrinic.net</a><br><a href="https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd">https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>-- <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>Christophe KANGAMUTIMA ZABIKA<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'>_______________________________________________ RPD mailing list RPD@afrinic.net https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/rpd <o:p></o:p></p></div><br>**********************************************<br>
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