<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div dir="auto">Hi Owen,<br><br>As Dr. Paulos has clarified to you indeed, James referred to the accepted technical terms used to IP management.<br><br>Your reference to reverse dns delegation is irrelevant as we are not discussing reverse DNS name space.<br><br>Thanks for reminding us the definition of “assignment” from section 2.6 of the CPM.<br><br>2.6 referred to:<br>1- an IP address block given by an LIR to its end-users for their own usage. <br><br>2- delegate address space to an ISP or End User for specific use within the Internet infrastructure they operate. <br><br>3- Assignments must only be made for specific purposes documented by specific organisations and are not to be sub-assigned to other parties.<br><br>How come a block which is “delegated” to Link Infinity Technology Limited by cloud innovation got delegated to IPDC<br> By Link Infinity and then “delegated” to a customer by IPDC according to documents provided by Cloud innovation?<br><br>A clear violation of policies.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">-- Gregoire</div><div><br></div><div style="font-size:100%;color:#000000" dir="auto"><!-- originalMessage --><div>-------- Original message --------</div><div>From: Dr P Nyirenda <paulos@sdnp.org.mw> </div><div>Date: 2020-05-27 5:09 a.m. (GMT-05:00) </div><div>To: Owen DeLong <owen@delong.com>, community-discuss@afrinic.net </div><div>Subject: Re: [Community-Discuss] Cloud Innovation Displays Very Poor, If Not Criminal, Netizenship </div><div><br></div></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">On 27 May 2020 at 0:46, Owen DeLong wrote:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On May 26, 2020, at 08:27 , James <james.chirwa@afrinic.net> wrote:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Dear Gregoire,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Let me first of all thank you for sharing your concern as well as seeking clarification regarding </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> the matter under hand.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> You have sought from AFRINIC an explanation as regard the term “ delegation of IP block”.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As far as AFRINIC is concerned , it does not practice “ delegation of IP Block”. Its handling </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> of IP Blocks involves only allocation, sub-allocation or assignment .</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> In this context, delegation is used as a superset of the terms allocation, sub-allocation, and </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> assignment.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Mmmm ... I am with James Chirwa on this one. I think allowing "</span></font>
<font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">superset of the terms</span></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
<span style=" font-size:10pt">" in
ploicy documents will lead to major confusion where the need to be precise is paramount.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> From the dictionary:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Policy documents contain a section on definitions that are precisely put there to avoid
common dictionary definitions like these, specifically to avoid confusion.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ... cut ... <</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> When number resources are allocated, sub-allocated, or assigned, the RIR, NIR, or LIR is, in fact, </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> committing the administrative functions</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> over said addresses to the recipient.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> This is well understood throughout the IP using community and I am surprised by James </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> statement, especially in light of the following:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> https://www.afrinic.net/services/123-afrinic-policy-for-reverse-delegation-on-allocated-ip-addresse</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> s</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">This applies to DNS and not to IP address allocations and/or assignments.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">I would like to refer you to extensive work done by the CCNSO Framework of Interpretation
Working Group (FOIWG) which did a lot of work in this area of DNS and produced its report
in 2014, see: https://ccnso.icann.org/sites/default/files/filefield_46435/foi-final-07oct14-en.pdf</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">We did this work in that working group to avoid this kind of confusion that you appear to have
here when using such words as "delegation" in identifiers.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> And of course, CPM 2.6: (https://afrinic.net/policy/manual )</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2.6 Assignment</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> An assignment is an IP address block given by an LIR to its end-users for their own usage. To </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> "assign" means to delegate address space to an ISP or End User for specific use within the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Internet infrastructure they operate. Assignments must only be made for specific purposes </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> documented by specific organisations and are not to be sub-assigned to other parties.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">The policy document here refers to the action "</span></font>
<font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">by an LIR</span></font><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">" and not that of an RIR, lets not
confuse the two.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Regards,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Paulos</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">======================</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Dr Paulos B Nyirenda</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">NIC.MW & .mw ccTLD</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">http://www.registrar.mw</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Tel: +265-(0)-882 089 166</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">Cell: +265-(0)-888-824787</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">WhatsApp: +265-(0)-887386433</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Owen</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> You may contact the operator/member who has utilised the said term for more clarification.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Regards,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> James</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On 23/05/2020 18:21, Gregoire EHOUMI via Community-Discuss wrote:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Hello,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Thanks Mark for exposing the details of the SEACOM AS37353 hijacking.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> I carefully read your report and also the Cloud Innovation Limited quick response </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> including their attachments as justifications.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> I note that;</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ the service contract with Cloud Innovation covering the announcement of their </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> prefixes by SEACOM AS37353 was terminated by SEACOM.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ some stale IRR route objects existed after termination of the contract.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ through some multiple layer distribution an organisation in Manila Philippines was </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> “delegated“ an IP block from Cloud Innovation address space.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ both upstream ISP and the customer in Manila set up a BGP session using </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> SEACOM's AS37353 as the ASN of the Manila customer.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ there was a prompt reaction from the involved parties that included apologies to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> SEACOM and the wider internet community.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ there were promises from said parties to be a better netizen which would mean, </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> them not hijacking other networks ASN's.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ⁃ there was clear refusal to disclose the details of the customer in Manila Philippines </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> who hijacked the affected SEACOM ASN.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> All put together, demonstrates that what happened was an impersonation and not a </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> BGP configuration error, nor an oversight in checking the right to use of the SEACOM </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ASN.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 1. Why is it that the real customer did not bother presenting its apologies to the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> community</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2. Why is there refusal to reveal customer’s details?</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 3. Why is it that the said prefix is no longer seen in the routing table originated by the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> genius ASN or any other ASN?</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 4. Which networks were involved and what happened to the end users?</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Can someone from AFRINIC explain what “delegation of IP block” mean?</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Note: The self organised Internet knows how to deal with bad net citizens.!</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Best regards </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Gregoire Ehoumi </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> -------- Original message --------</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> From: Lu Heng <h.lu@anytimechinese.com></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Date: 2020-05-09 5:41 a.m. (GMT-05:00)</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> To: General Discussions of AFRINIC <community-discuss@afrinic.net></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Subject: Re: [Community-Discuss] Cloud Innovation Displays Very Poor, If Not </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Criminal, Netizenship</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> To whom it may concern, </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On May 8, Mark Think posted a claim to multiple lists that Cloud Innovation was </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> abusing an ASN (37353) that didn’t belong to them (Cloud Innovation) but rather </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> belonged to Seacom through their acquisition of MacroLAN.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> While we regret this unfortunate incident, Mark’s claims that it was criminal or bad </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> netizenship on the part of Cloud Innovation is without foundation and utterly incorrect.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As shown below in the attached document from Paul Wollner(Ex-CTO of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Macrolan who created IRR routes to allow Macrolan to announce Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation's prefix); letter from Link Infinity International Ltd. (Link Infinity), A </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> customer of Cloud Innovation; and attached LOA from LARUS authorizing </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC Solutions to announce the prefix with origin AS134190. And a Letter </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> from IPDC. This was an innocent mistake committed by third parties and had </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> nothing to do with any action by Cloud Innovation or LARUS.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Here’s what happened:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Cloud Innovation delegated a /24 to Link Infinity, an ISP in December </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2019.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Link Infinity further delegated that same /24 to IPDC and asked Cloud innovation </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> to issue an LOA, which we did. The LOA specifically required IPDC to use its </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> own ASN to announce the space (AS134190).</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC subsequently authorized one of its customers to use the said </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> prefix.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> For reasons still unknown to Cloud Innovation, IPDC and their customer </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> set up a BGP session wherein their customer used AS37353 as the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> origin to advertise prefix 156.241.3.0/24.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Upon discovering the announcement, rather than contact Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation, Mark contacted IPDC who provided him with an incomplete </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> explanation blaming their customer and Mark, not realizing that Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation was not the customer in question posted far and wide about </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> the event. It is unclear to us why he chose to do this rather than contact </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> us to try and resolve the issue.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> A contributing factor to the erroneous BGP configuration by IPDC's customer </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> may have been data contained in some outdated IRR route objects </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> for 156.241.0.0/16 which have subsequently been deleted.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As soon as we became aware of the problem (via Mark’s email), we began to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> investigate the situation. As soon as it was clear that this was the result of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> third-party actions, we reached out to Mark privately to let him know what we </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> knew and that we were still investigating. We delayed making a public </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> statement in order to try and ascertain all of the facts of the situation. We </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> prefer not to make public statements based on incomplete information.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> We apologize to the community for our small part in this unfortunate incident </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> and assure you that we work very hard to remain good netizens and will </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> address any concerns promptly when they come to our attention.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Sincerely,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Lu Heng</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> CEO</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Cloud Innovations</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Attached: </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 1. Letter from Paul Wollner</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2. Letter from Link Infinity</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 3. LOA Issued to IPDC Solutions for announcing 156.241.3.0/24 from AS134190</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 4. Letter from IPDC</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> FYI: LARUS is proving IP management service for Cloud Innovation, while LARUS is </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> also providing IP management service to other third parties in all regions, for full </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> disclosure, LARUS and Cloud Innovation are headed by same CEO.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Content of those letters have been posted here for your convince:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE [Perusal of Cloud Innovation Ltd]</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC Solutions Pte Ltd (IPDC) is a customer of Cloud Innovation Ltd and over the course of our corporate </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> relationship we were given the authority to use address block 156.241.3.0/24 since 9th December 2019. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On 12th December 2019, we have delegated that address block to our client. Following which our client </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> further instructed us to announce the prefix with AS37353. In good will after minimal verification through </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> WHOIS’ IP Prefix we have proceeded to execute our client’s request. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On 7th May 2020 IPDC was then contacted by SEACOM, the legitimate holder of record for that ASN and </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> have since learned that the customer’s use of that ASN was erroneous and not permitted by SEACOM and </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> immediate action has been taken to rectify this situation. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC would like to apologize for our lack of attention in conducting thorough verification and wish to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> highlight that the involvement of Cloud Innovation Ltd in the entire process was providing the addresses to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> us and that we truly apologize as we understand that this incident may have indirectly implicated Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation Ltd. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC however, does not wish to disclose our client information and our client information shall remain </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> confidential under present circumstances. Once again, we apologize for our shortcomings. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Link Infinity:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> To whom it may concern,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> We at HK Infinity International Ltd are a customer of Cloud Innovation and in the course received rights to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> use 156.241.3.0/24 from them. Beginning December, 2019, we delegated the right to announce this prefix to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC Solutions Pte Ltd. (IPDC). We asked Cloud Innovation to provide an LOA authorizing them to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> announce the space which was subsequently received. IPDC subsequently and without our knowledge </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> delegated this space to one of their customers and allowed them to originate it from AS37353.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> This announcement was not authorized by us, nor is it permitted by the LOA provided by Cloud Innovation.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Unfortunately, we were not aware of the situation until after it had already been resolved.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> It was never our intent to violate the LOA or to allow the prefix to be announced from a hijacked ASN. We </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> do not condone this and apologize sincerely to the community for what has happened here.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Sincere Apologies,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Paul Wollner:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 8 May 2020</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> In the light of the recent email on NAPAfrica mailing list, I would just like to clear the air. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> The IP route objects were created by myself for Cloud Innovation when they signed up as a client of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Macrolan ( now SEACOM) as they didn't have their own AS.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> At the time I was working for Macrolan (now SEACOM). I left the employment of SEACOM in October </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2019.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> It appears that when Cloud Innovation's contract with SEACOM came to an end, the route objects were </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> never cleaned up.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> This occurred after I left SEACOM's employment. Since leaving, I have no access to these objects.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Regards</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Paul Wollner</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 082-786-9776</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> To whom it may concern, </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On May 8, Mark Think posted a claim to multiple lists that Cloud Innovation was </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> abusing an ASN (37353) that didn’t belong to them (Cloud Innovation) but rather </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> belonged to Seacom through their acquisition of MacroLAN.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> While we regret this unfortunate incident, Mark’s claims that it was criminal or bad </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> netizenship on the part of Cloud Innovation is without foundation and utterly incorrect.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As shown below in the attached document from Paul Wollner(Ex-CTO of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Macrolan who created IRR routes to allow Macrolan to announce Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation's prefix); letter from Link Infinity International Ltd. (Link Infinity), A </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> customer of Cloud Innovation; and attached LOA from LARUS authorizing </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC Solutions to announce the prefix with origin AS134190. And a Letter </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> from IPDC. This was an innocent mistake committed by third parties and had </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> nothing to do with any action by Cloud Innovation or LARUS.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Here’s what happened:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Cloud Innovation delegated a /24 to Link Infinity, an ISP in December </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2019.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Link Infinity further delegated that same /24 to IPDC and asked Cloud innovation </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> to issue an LOA, which we did. The LOA specifically required IPDC to use its </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> own ASN to announce the space (AS134190).</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC subsequently authorized one of its customers to use the said </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> prefix.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> For reasons still unknown to Cloud Innovation, IPDC and their customer </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> set up a BGP session wherein their customer used AS37353 as the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> origin to advertise prefix 156.241.3.0/24.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Upon discovering the announcement, rather than contact Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation, Mark contacted IPDC who provided him with an incomplete </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> explanation blaming their customer and Mark, not realizing that Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation was not the customer in question posted far and wide about </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> the event. It is unclear to us why he chose to do this rather than contact </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> us to try and resolve the issue.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> A contributing factor to the erroneous BGP configuration by IPDC's customer </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> may have been data contained in some outdated IRR route objects </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> for 156.241.0.0/16 which have subsequently been deleted.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As soon as we became aware of the problem (via Mark’s email), we began to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> investigate the situation. As soon as it was clear that this was the result of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> third-party actions, we reached out to Mark privately to let him know what we </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> knew and that we were still investigating. We delayed making a public </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> statement in order to try and ascertain all of the facts of the situation. We </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> prefer not to make public statements based on incomplete information.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> We apologize to the community for our small part in this unfortunate incident </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> and assure you that we work very hard to remain good netizens and will </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> address any concerns promptly when they come to our attention.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Sincerely,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Lu Heng</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> CEO</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Cloud Innovations</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Attached: </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 1. Letter from Paul Wollner</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2. Letter from Link Infinity</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 3. LOA Issued to IPDC Solutions for announcing 156.241.3.0/24 from AS134190</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 4. Letter from IPDC</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> FYI: LARUS is proving IP management service for Cloud Innovation, while LARUS is </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> also providing IP management service to other third parties in all regions, for full </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> disclosure, LARUS and Cloud Innovation are headed by same CEO.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Content of those letters have been posted here for your convince:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE [Perusal of Cloud Innovation Ltd]</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC Solutions Pte Ltd (IPDC) is a customer of Cloud Innovation Ltd and over the course of our corporate </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> relationship we were given the authority to use address block 156.241.3.0/24 since 9th December 2019. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On 12th December 2019, we have delegated that address block to our client. Following which our client </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> further instructed us to announce the prefix with AS37353. In good will after minimal verification through </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> WHOIS’ IP Prefix we have proceeded to execute our client’s request. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On 7th May 2020 IPDC was then contacted by SEACOM, the legitimate holder of record for that ASN and </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> have since learned that the customer’s use of that ASN was erroneous and not permitted by SEACOM and </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> immediate action has been taken to rectify this situation. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC would like to apologize for our lack of attention in conducting thorough verification and wish to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> highlight that the involvement of Cloud Innovation Ltd in the entire process was providing the addresses to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> us and that we truly apologize as we understand that this incident may have indirectly implicated Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation Ltd. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC however, does not wish to disclose our client information and our client information shall remain </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> confidential under present circumstances. Once again, we apologize for our shortcomings. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Link Infinity:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> To whom it may concern,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> We at HK Infinity International Ltd are a customer of Cloud Innovation and in the course received rights to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> use 156.241.3.0/24 from them. Beginning December, 2019, we delegated the right to announce this prefix to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC Solutions Pte Ltd. (IPDC). We asked Cloud Innovation to provide an LOA authorizing them to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> announce the space which was subsequently received. IPDC subsequently and without our knowledge </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> delegated this space to one of their customers and allowed them to originate it from AS37353.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> This announcement was not authorized by us, nor is it permitted by the LOA provided by Cloud Innovation.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Unfortunately, we were not aware of the situation until after it had already been resolved.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> It was never our intent to violate the LOA or to allow the prefix to be announced from a hijacked ASN. We </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> do not condone this and apologize sincerely to the community for what has happened here.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Sincere Apologies,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Paul Wollner:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 8 May 2020</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> In the light of the recent email on NAPAfrica mailing list, I would just like to clear the air. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> The IP route objects were created by myself for Cloud Innovation when they signed up as a client of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Macrolan ( now SEACOM) as they didn't have their own AS.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> At the time I was working for Macrolan (now SEACOM). I left the employment of SEACOM in October </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2019.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> It appears that when Cloud Innovation's contract with SEACOM came to an end, the route objects were </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> never cleaned up.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> This occurred after I left SEACOM's employment. Since leaving, I have no access to these objects.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Regards</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Paul Wollner</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 082-786-9776</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> On Fri, 8 May 2020 at 22:08, Mark Tinka <mark.tinka@seacom.mu> wrote:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Hi all.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> I'm not one to b**ch & moan in public, but per subject, I could not let this one </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> slide.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> And if you get this from multiple mailing lists, apologies for that - I'm just trying </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> to make sure that this reaches as wide an audience as possible, on the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> continent.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> SEACOM (AS37100) acquired MacroLan (AS37353) a couple of years ago. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> MacroLan is now part of the SEACOM family, and while we are in the process of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> integrating that network into AS37100, some existing services continue to be </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> delivered on AS37353 until that exercise is completed.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> One of the customers that AS37353 was providing services to was Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation, in Cape Town. From a routing perspective, because Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation had no AS number for this service, all of their IP address space was </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> being originated by AS37353, on their behalf.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> In December of 2019, AS37353 ceased providing services to Cloud Innovation. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> That is 6 months ago.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> In recent days, it came to SEACOM's attention that some of Cloud Innovation's </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IP address space was being originated by AS37353 - specifically, </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 156.241.3.0/24 - even though we were sure that they were no longer a </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> customer of AS37353 since December of 2019. At first, we thought this was a </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> cached entry in a number of popular looking glasses, but then every looking </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> glass had the same entry, which made this an unlikely bug.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As of yesterday afternoon, see below what Telia's looking glass was saying </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> about this prefix:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> *****</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Path #1: Received by speaker 0</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 4809 134190 37353</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2.255.249.42 (metric 2134) from 2.255.253.101 (80.91.242.40)</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Origin incomplete, localpref 200, valid, internal, best, group-best, import-candidate</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Communities:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 1299:431</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> (RPKI state Unknown)</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 1299:1000 1299:30000 1299:30600 23456:20413 45352:4500 45352:9204</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> *****</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> But when I run a traceroute from my house to that prefix, it clearly was not </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ending up in Cape Town, where AS37353's main operation resides:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> *****</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> MacBook-Pro-7:~ tinka$ traceroute -I 156.241.3.1</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> traceroute to 156.241.3.1 (156.241.3.1), 64 hops max, 72 byte packets</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 1 172.16.0.254 (172.16.0.254) 14.824 ms 11.522 ms 3.525 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2 xe-1-3-0-1064.er-01-jnb.za.seacomnet.com (105.22.37.13) 5.620 ms 9.714 ms 9.887 </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 3 ce-0-2-0-0.cr-02-jnb.za.seacomnet.com (105.16.28.2) 175.232 ms 172.699 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 175.896 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 4 xe-0-0-0-8.cr-02-cpt.za.seacomnet.com (105.16.9.182) 164.496 ms 163.578 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 163.546 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 5 105.16.14.153 (105.16.14.153) 169.812 ms 171.272 ms 177.115 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 6 xe-0-0-0-0.br-02-lhr.uk.seacomnet.com (105.16.34.253) 168.911 ms 172.958 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 165.165 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 7 82.112.115.169 (82.112.115.169) 172.700 ms 176.482 ms 174.375 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 8 ae-17.r05.londen12.uk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.2.147) 672.099 ms 613.617 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 615.109 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 9 ae-2.r24.londen12.uk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.4.244) 181.952 ms 183.087 ms 187.302 </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 10 ae-16.r20.frnkge13.de.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.3.13) 190.511 ms 185.579 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 187.058 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 11 ae-3.r20.sngpsi07.sg.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.4.17) 520.882 ms 613.982 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 615.275 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 12 ae-9.r24.tkokhk01.hk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.7.67) 612.301 ms 586.886 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 436.711 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 13 ae-1.r03.tkokhk01.hk.bb.gin.ntt.net (129.250.6.98) 614.470 ms 613.416 ms </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 614.281 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 14 ce-0-3-0-3.r03.tkokhk01.hk.ce.gin.ntt.net (203.131.241.126) 614.128 ms 613.661 </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ms 615.416 ms</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 15 * * *</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 16 * * *</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 17 156.241.3.1 (156.241.3.1) 494.400 ms 410.180 ms *</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> MacBook-Pro-7:~ tinka$</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> *****</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> So we, then, realized that this was a fraudulent use of MacroLan's AS37353, to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> which we had given no express permission.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As luck would have it, due to my days living and working in Malaysia, I know </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> the good folk that operate AS134190 (IPDC Solutions), who was the upstream </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> providing transit for this prefix. So I rang them up yesterday afternoon, told </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> them what was happening, and within the hour, they got that eBGP session </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> shutdown. I am most grateful to them for their quick response and immediate </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> understanding of what was going on. Even with all the technology we have </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> today, it, many times, comes down to having good friends in good places.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Anyway, it turns out the ISP that had acquired this prefix from Cloud Innovation </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> is based in Manila, Philippines. When IPDC delivered their transit service to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> them in Manila, that ISP informed them that they should use AS37353 for the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> eBGP session. Yes, one could argue that IPDC should have done their checks to </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ensure that the AS number being provided by their customer belongs to them, </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> but to be honest, I'm not too bothered about that compared to Cloud </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Innovation's thinking that it was okay to use another network's AS number in </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> order to deliver their services to their customers.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC confirm that this service was activated for the Manila ISP in December of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> 2019, right around the time Cloud Innovation's service with SEACOM, in Cape </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Town, ended.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> As it currently stands, the ISP in Manila is now off the Internet, with some 12 </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> paying customers currently without service. Their excuse - they do not have an </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> AS number of their own.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> IPDC tried to find out why the ISP in Manila thought that it was okay to use </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> another network's AS number for their service, and as it turns out, the network </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> engineer at the Manila ISP that set this up has since left the company. All the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ones currently there do not have any history about all of this.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Currently, 156.241.3.0/24 is not in the global BGP table:</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> *****</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> lg-01-ams.nl>sh ip bgp 156.241.3.0/24</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> % Network not in table</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> lg-01-ams.nl></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> lg-01-nbo.ke>sh ip bgp 156.241.3.0/24</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> % Network not in table</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> lg-01-nbo.ke></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> lg-01-cpt.za>sh ip bgp 156.241.3.0/24</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> % Network not in table</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> lg-01-cpt.za></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> *****</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> That Cloud Innovation thought it was okay for them to use MacroLan's AS </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> number to originate their own prefixes into the global BGP is as morally </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> reprehensible as it is technologically distasteful.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> SEACOM have been working very closely with AFRINIC to delete previous route </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> objects from their IRR that certify a relationship between Cloud Innovation's </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> parent /16 aggregates that cover this prefix, and AS37353, but this is one of </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> those objects that cannot be removed via the MyAFRINIC portal, and requires </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> manual intervention from AFRINIC.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> I have not, personally, spoken to the proprietors of Cloud Innovation and/or </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Outside Heaven, as I don't see how anything could explain this with any degree </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> of justification.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> For now, I will find some beer to wipe the foul taste from my mouth, while we </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> (SEACOM) consider what to do about this.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> And yes, for those who are wondering, RPKI's ROV would not have prevented </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> this, in its current form. This is AS hijacking, and ROV, today, tries to solve the </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> prefix-hijacking problem, first.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Thank you for your attention.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Mark.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> _______________________________________________</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Community-Discuss mailing list</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Community-Discuss@afrinic.net</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/community-discuss</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> --</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> --</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Kind regards.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Lu</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> _______________________________________________</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Community-Discuss mailing list</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Community-Discuss@afrinic.net</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/community-discuss</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> -- </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> James Chirwa</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Acting Manager, Member Services Department </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> AFRINIC Ltd.</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> t: +230 403 51 00 | f: +230 466 6758 |</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> tt: @afrinic | w: www.afrinic.net</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> SM: facebook.com/afrinic | flickr.com/afrinic | youtube.com/afrinicmedia</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> ____________________________</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> _______________________________________________</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Community-Discuss mailing list</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> Community-Discuss@afrinic.net</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo/community-discuss</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="#7f0000" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt">> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style=" font-size:10pt"><br>
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