<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 20 Apr 2017, at 15:21, Noah <<a href="mailto:noah@neo.co.tz" class="">noah@neo.co.tz</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""><div class="gmail_extra"><br class=""><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Apr 20, 2017 at 4:39 PM, Mark Elkins <span dir="ltr" class=""><<a href="mailto:mje@posix.co.za" target="_blank" class="">mje@posix.co.za</a>></span> wrote:<br class=""><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<div class="m_7016734973771377943moz-cite-prefix">On 20/04/2017 14:28, Noah wrote:<br class="">
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<div dir="auto" class=""><span style="font-family:sans-serif" class="">Hi Badru</span>
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<div dir="auto" class=""><span style="font-family:sans-serif" class="">People
are talking about targeting executive branches of
governments not knowing that most of the shutdown that
have happened in the past including the one in Cameroon
has a lot to do with the local countries politics,
policies and regulation. Some countries governments don't
shutdown the internet but they have some crazy regulations
that censor the cyber space that you would not even want
to live there.<br class="">
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<div dir="auto" class=""><span style="font-family:sans-serif" class="">For any
organization to get number resources, the applicants are
vetted by AFRINIC against their countries regulations
(license of operation) which are a prerequisite for
getting the IP resources from AFRINIC. This kind of
relationship has existed between AFRINIC and all
regulatory bodies in all countries that AFRINIC serve.
What this basically mean is that if the country decided to
deny an entity a license to operate, that entity cant
access number resources from AFRINIC which means its only
the local regulations that determine internet development,
expansion and freedom and not AFRINIC. <br class="">
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Ah - but this is not necessarily true. In South Africa, we were
getting IP resources before there were ISP licenses. You also don't
need an ISP license to do Web Hosting - and as I understand, neither
the ZACR or DNS in South Africa have ISP licenses - but run the
ccTLD between them. Both organisations have their own address
space. The same goes for JINX (CINX/DINX) the ISPAs exchange points.
No licenses. Some people with their own infrastructure at Teraco
(data warehouse) - no licenses - but they have address space.
Universities don't have licenses either. That probably holds true
for all African countries. I'd guess End users generally fall into
this category. I guess governments do too.<br class="">
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AFRINIC staff use there best ability to decide on the requirements.
a License is a reasonably easy criteria to ask for but I believe
that if AFRINIC was aware that the government was not playing fair -
then licenses would not be a criteria to getting address space.
However, if you apply as an ISP and need a license but can't operate
in that country - then I guess you wouldn't need address space.<br class="">
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I am sure if you have a college and apply to AFRINIC - you'll be
able to get address space.<br class="">
<br class=""></div></blockquote><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Elkins,<br class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">So let me be specific. ISP's and Telecom as far as I know, require a license from their respective communications regulators to operate Internet services. This are the guys who the government targets first for internet shutdowns not universities, IXP's, Hosting providers etc... though this group also can be targeted. <br class=""></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br class=""></div>I also fail to see Mark’s point. What would-be the point of end users with address space if there is no one to carry their traffic? I don’t know about South Africa, but in the countries I work with in WACREN and AfricaConnect2, there is no Internet without the ISPs and Telco’s. I don’t see a viable AFRINIC or our research networks for that matter without this group. </div><div><br class=""></div><div>-Omo</div></body></html>