<p style="text-align:left"><a href="http://www.etno.be/Default.aspx?tabid=2484" target="_blank">http://www.etno.be/Default.aspx?tabid=2484</a></p><p style="text-align:left">26 April 2012</p>
<p style="text-align:center"><strong>ETNO Digital: Interview with Georg Serentschy, 2012 Chair of BEREC<br>
“Regulators need to speak more with the investing community”</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: Mr. Serentschy,
how do the national regulatory practices differentiate in European
member states? How much is this an obstacle to the single market and to
investment?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: Of
course everybody subscribes to the goal of a digital single market and
to the need for a timeframe to get there. The difficulties we face are
two-fold. On one hand all member states have a different original stand
point which depends on various parameters such as the competitive
structure – the number of players in the markets, the pressure from
platform competitors such as cable or mobile. On the other hand we still
face different regulatory practices, for instance on mobile termination
rates or on bitstream access. The mission of BEREC is to create more
harmonisation on the regulatory practices but of course we cannot change
the initial situation of each member state and we have to take into
account the specific national context.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: Do you think a
common approach for fixed network regulation all over Europe makes
sense? Would investment not benefit from a more targeted regulatory
approach depending on the local competitive realities?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>:
Regulatory practices need to take divergent national situations into
account. Even if the same approach, for instance to cost calculation, is
applied, final results will be different throughout the EU as the
inputs vary. Harmonisation means that the calculation method is the
same, not necessarily the output. However, if your question refers to
the issue whether or not we need in each single Member State the same
type of product based on the same reference offer, the same quality
levels etc. we currently do not think that this is the right approach.
This would require Trans-national markets, meaning not only
Trans-European demand but also Trans-European supply. The European
Commission which would be responsible for defining Transnational markets
has not defined so far any market for regulatory purpose – and I think,
they are right, as national circumstances differ. </p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: Telcos claim
unfair competition, because they are fully regulated while other
platform operators such as cable operators do not have to grant access
to their infrastructure. Should the increased competition between
platforms not lead to a deregulation?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: If a
cable operator is operational on a nation-wide or a regional market,
depending on the definition, and is found to have an SMP, then it should
be regulated. But we cannot pre-empt the result of the market analysis
of course. Speaking about unfair competition, I consider that telecoms
operators, independently of their size, face – to some extent - unfair
competition from over the top players as telcos must all have their
terms and conditions agreed by the regulatory authorities and the OTT
players do not have this obligation. When OTTs services are used as
substitutes of traditional e-communications services (for instance VoIP
applications on a smart phone or a tablet), they should be treated as
traditional e-communications services. I would expect the Commission to
act in order to create a fair level playing field. As far as increased
platform competition is concerned, this is the most effective form of
competition. The concept of ladder of investment has shown its limits.
Those players who relied on wholesale access have often stuck half way.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: What is the
inter-relation between wholesale (access) copper prices and investments
in your experience? Would lower prices for copper encourage investments
in high speed networks?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: If there
is a co-relation between copper prices and high speed network
investments at all than it’s a positive one. To give an example: Copper
prices in Austria are low while NGA roll out pace is also low. Other
countries, like Switzerland and Norway rate high in term of fibre roll
out although copper charges are high. There is no empirical evidence
that lower copper prices would encourage investment. In any case,
rolling out fibre is not about pulling a switch. The scenario according
to which the copper network would be abandoned to be replaced in one go
by a fibre network is not realistic. The migration to NGA is a mid or
long term scenario which will require time and revenue that will come
from existing platforms. Taking away revenue will not lead to
investment. Above all, the demand side is key to investment although it
seems sometimes that it is not sufficiently within the line of sight.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: What conclusions should the regulators draw?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: The main
conclusion they should draw is that a disruptive change to costing
methodology is not going to help achieving the broadband targets of the
Digital Agenda. Regulators should stick to current methodologies or to
calculate the wholesale access price for competitors - resp. in the case
incumbent operators opt for an aggressive retail price reduction the
margin squeeze free price could be even below forward looking
incremental costs, but that’s just taking into account of general
competition law principles </p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: There is concern
that the objectives of the Digital Agenda regarding broadband
penetration may not be reached. What kind of investment incentives
should the regulators provide in order to push the rollout of high speed
broadband networks?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: First of
all, regulators should avoid any disruptive changes. They should
provide certainty and clarity for investors. NRAs are obliged to make a
new market analysis every three years but if they are no changes, then
the outcome should stay the same as well. Sometimes however, the fact
that the market analysis has to be made already creates uncertainty.
Secondly, regulators should speak more with the investing community.
They should explain to investors what the role of regulators is and give
more confidence. Finally the debate should not focus solely on supply
side, we should also address the lack of demand for new networks.<br>
<br>
<strong>ETNO</strong>: The fibre networks are built in a competitive environment. Is there not a case for a different regulatory approach?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: It is
important to have transitional products such as virtual unbundling which
can replace a couple of legacy products. Virtual access does not mean
however that there is no role any more for the regulators. As far as
price regulation is concerned, nothing prevents them today from
differentiating prices at the retail level. But of course these products
will need to be replicable at the wholesale level. </p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: What can BEREC do to give the tool of geographic differentiation a higher acceptance among NRAs?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: To make
sure that the concept of geographical segmentation can be fully
exploited, criteria for setting a geographical market need to be clearly
defined, as has already been done by BEREC. However,we need to avoid
creating artificial markets and we need to keep in mind the effects on
competition that a fragmented landscape could bring about. Together with
the principle of proportionality this will lead us to reasonable
results. </p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: Is fibre without any alternative or do you see a future for copper too?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: Of
course, we need to have a technologically neutral approach. Ultimately
all platforms (copper, mobile, cable) will play a role but they will use
fibre to get closer and closer to the end customer. The local loop will
be shorter and shorter and with vectoring, copper can be given a second
life. Fibre roll out will involve a 10-15 year evolutionary path. Such
an evolution will lead to more platform competition. A slow transition
makes sense technically and economically but also from a societal and
legal point of view. Telco’s for instance would need less field staff.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: What are the main challenges for regulators today?</p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: Business
models of the telco’s are going through severe changes. Traditional
models are at a crossroads. They need to generate new revenues. The key
challenge for regulators is to make sure that we regulate the right
markets. </p>
<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>ETNO</strong>: What is the main message you would like to deliver to ETNO member companies, as main investors in NGA?</p>
<strong>Mr. Serentschy</strong>: I would
like to highlight that BEREC is fully aware that the business situation
is difficult. BEREC is extremely interested in a dialogue with industry
to make regulation more transparent and improve mutual trust. For this
reason I recently introduced a “strategic dialogue” between BEREC and
relevant stakeholders which will be rolled out over a period of two
years, meeting various different stakeholder groups like operators,
finance industry and consumer/user organizations, hosted by the Chair
and incoming Chair of BEREC.